The three-part Netflix series, created by the team behind the David Beckham documentary, will explore how the Australian soap star became one of pop's biggest superstars.
Featuring footage from home movies, personal photographs and new interviews with the singer, Netflix said it "examines how she's faced public scrutiny, personal loss, and illness with grit and grace, earning respect far beyond her own fandom".
A new trailer shows footage of Minogue over the decades, including as Charlene in Neighbours, behind the scenes of her music videos, in photo shoots with her then boyfriend, late INXS frontman Michael Hutchence, and on stage at Glastonbury.
It also shows both her and her sister Dannii Minogue talking about her cancer ordeal.
"I felt removed from my body, I was so scared of what was ahead of me," Minogue said.
Danni Minogue said the diagnosis was frightening.
"We didn't know if she's ever gonna be well again. I just wanted to be with my sister," she said.
Minogue was 36 when she was diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer in 2005.
She underwent a lumpectomy and chemotherapy in Paris, and was given the all-clear in 2006.
News coverage of her cancer diagnosis caused an unprecedented increase in bookings for mammograms, referred to as the "Kylie effect".
The documentary trailer also features her collaborator and friend Nick Cave.
"Kylie is this force. It's all outward, giving," he said.
The series, entitled Kylie, will be released on Netflix on May 20.
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