The superstar posted her appeal to the pontiff on social media on Monday, saying the birthday of her son Rocco - who turned 25 on Monday - prompted her to make the post.
Addressing Pope Leo XIV, she wrote: "Most Holy Father. Please go to Gaza and bring your light to the children before it's too late. As a mother, I cannot bear to watch their suffering.
"The children of the world belong to everyone. You are the only one of us who cannot be denied entry," she said.
"We need the humanitarian gates to be fully opened to save these innocent children. There is no more time. Please say you will go. Love, Madonna."
The singer said she was not taking sides in the war, writing: "Everyone is suffering. Including the mothers of the hostages.
"I pray that they are released as well. I am merely trying to do what I can to keep these children from dying of starvation."
The Pope recently renewed his call for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza, asking the international community to respect humanitarian laws and the obligation to protect civilians.
"I once again call for an immediate end to the barbarity of this war and for a peaceful resolution to the conflict," the pontiff said in July.
Aid workers and doctors have said that after months of Israeli blockade and turmoil in the distribution of supplies, children in Gaza with no previous conditions are starting to die from malnutrition.
Israel's air and ground offensive, sparked by Hamas's October 7, 2023, attack into Israel, has displaced most of the some two million Palestinians in Gaza and pushed the territory towards famine.
The United Nations said that across Gaza, more than 5000 children were diagnosed with malnutrition in May, though that is likely an undercount.
Doctors struggle to treat the children because many supplies have run out, the UN says.
Israel denies a famine is taking place or that children are starving.
It says it has supplied enough food throughout the war and accuses Hamas of causing shortages by stealing aid and trying to control food distribution.
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