"Henri Kagan and Kenso Soai have provided a solution to a chemical mystery that is over a century old: how homochirality can emerge spontaneously," Heiner Linke, chair of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry, said in a news release.
"The chemical reactions they have developed are spectacular."
The duo's discoveries, the news release said, "have been decisive for chemists who design reactions for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals."
Kagan, 95 years old and born in France, is affiliated with Universite Paris-Sud in Orsay, France, and Soai, born in Japan, with the Tokyo University of Science.
"This is the most exciting day in my life, I am very glad to share this prize with professor Henri Kagan," Soai said, speaking by phone to the Nobel Prize media conference, adding he had been out shopping when receiving the news.
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced the winner in Stockholm on Wednesday.
In 2025, three scientists won the chemistry Nobel for their development of new molecular structures that can trap vast quantities of gas inside, laying the groundwork to potentially suck greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere or harvest moisture from desert environments.
The 2026 prizes began with the Nobel for medicine, awarded on Monday to three scientists whose work led to a tool that uses light to help unravel how the brain works.
The physics award on Tuesday recognised a scientist's efforts to demystify a rare group of neutrinos.
The literature prize is set to be awarded on Thursday.
After Friday's peace prize is awarded, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences will be announced on Monday.
The prize money is 12 million Swedish kronor (about $A1.7 million), whether for an individual, a small group of laureates or an organisation.
with Reuters
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