Police allege the 17-year-old was stabbed six times in the chest with a knife in the regional town of Dysart at about 4pm on Monday.
She remains in a critical but stable condition at Mackay Base Hospital.
The accused woman was treated for minor injuries at Dysart Hospital, where it is alleged she assaulted a police officer
She is due to appear at Mackay Magistrates Court on Tuesday pending the outcome of a medical assessment.
The 36-year-old was charged with attempted murder, common assault and serious assault of a police officer.
"She was treated for self-inflicted injuries, so she was initially transported to the hospital and that was police's priority to get her some medical assistance," acting Detective Inspector Emma Novosel said on Tuesday.
"Obviously, throughout the course of the evening, there were other incidents that occurred resulting in that serious assault of a police officer."
A 20-year-old man at the address attempted to intervene during the incident and was assaulted by the accused woman.
The victim and accused live in the same house and are known to each other, police said.
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